William-henry turner



(No Model.)

W.H.TURNER.

HEATER- No. 558,124. PatentedApr. 14, 1896.

@WFM/weg@ UNITED STATES lVILLIAMI-IENRY TURNER, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

H EATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 558,124, dated April 14, 1896. Application filed February 14:1893I` Serial No. 462,232. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, WILLIAM HENRY TUR- NER, of Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the inventiomwhich will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a' part of this specification.

The main objects of my invention are to improve the draft and combustion of the heater and to provide for ventilation and the distri bution of heat and the removal of dust in con nection therewith.

It consists, essentially, of certain novel features in the construction and arrangement of component parts of the heater, and particularly of the draft and Ventilating connections hereinafter particularly described, and pointed out in the claims. f

In the accompanying drawings like letters designate the same parts in both figures.

Figure 1 is a vertical medial section of a hot-air furnace or heater to which my im` provements are applied; and Fig. 2 is a cros`ssection on the line 2 2, Fig. l, of the double draft and Ventilating flue.

Referring to Fig. l of the drawings, A represents the Jirepot B, the ash-pit; C, the combustion-chamber; D, the dome; E, the dooropening or passage into the combustion-cham ber; F, the door-opening or passage into the ash-pit, and Gr the smoke-iue or pipe leading out of the dome D.

The fire-pot A is preferably contracted toward its upper end, so as to confine the gases given oif by the fuel until they are thoroughly consumed. It is formed or provided on one side with a passage separated therefrom by a partition a and openingvat its upper end at a into the upper portion of the nre-pot. At

`its lower end this passage is closed by adamper or removable plate m5, or in any other suitable manner, which permits of dropping any ashes, dust, or dirt which may collect in said passageinto the ash-pit B.

H is a vertical flue divided lengthwise by a partition 7L into a Ventilating-passage 71. and

draft-passage h2, both opening at their upper ends into the smoke-flue G, the Ventilatingpassage connecting at the lower end with an `elbow H', which leads out through the base of the heater and opens near the iioor into the apartment in which the heater is placed or connects with the lower end of a pipe H2, leading downwardly from a register or opening (not shown) in the floor of the apartment above.

I is a connection between the draft-passage h2 and the upper part of the ash-pit B. It is provided with a damper c'. Kis a similar connection between the draft-passage h2 and the downdraftpassage at the back of the lirepot. It is provided with a damper 7c. A similar connection Lis provided between the combustion-chamber C and the flue H. It is provided at its junction with passage h2 with. a damper l, whereby communication may be opened or closed between the combustionchamber and the Ventilating-passage 7L', the partition h being omitted or cut away opposite said damper. When said damper is turned upwardly, as shown in Fig. 2, it partially closes the passages h and 71.2 above the connection L, thereby serving as a deflector to turn a portion of the air ascending in passage h into the combustion-chamber through said connection L.4 Between the upper end of the flue H and the dome D the smoke-flue G is provided with a damper g.

p M is the grate, supported at the edges and capable of being turned horizontally upon lugs ZJ b, projecting inwardly from the base of the fire-pot or top of the ash-pit. The rim of the grate is formed on the front side with a socket or other device m4 to receive a shaking-handle.

To prevent the gases and products of combustion, with the heat carried thereby, from passing directly from the combustion-chamber and dome of the heater into .the smokeiiue, I provide a deilector N in the dome a short distance from the opening into the smoke-lue, leaving a space entirely around it between its edges and the adjacent walls of the dome, through which space said gases, products of combustion, and the heat which they contain are compelled to pass before they can escape from the heater. Said deflectorxis set at an angle, as shown, to turn or double IOO the flames back upon themselves. Perfect combustion of the fuel is thus promoted and the waste of heat prevented.

For convenience of illustration I have shown my improvements in connection with a hotair furnace which is designed to be inclosed by a casing, as shown in Fig. l; but they are equally applicable to other kinds of heaters.

My improved heater operates as follows: When the fire is low or newly kindled and a strong draft is required, the dampers in the ash-pit door and in the smoke-flue are opened, and the draft connection between the combustion-chamber C and flue His closed by the damper Z, the dampers t' and 7c being also closed in the connections I and K. Then the fuel is well ignited, the damper Z may be turned to open the connection L into flue II and to partially close communication between the Ventilating-passage ZL and the smoke-due, thereby directing air into the combustionchamber over the lire and supplying oxygen, which facilitates combustion and completely consumes the combustible products given off from the fuel. By this means air is drawn from the colder impurer strata near the floor of the apartment in which the heater is placed or of the apartment out of which the pipe H2 leads, thereby affording ventilation, and at the same time producing complete and perfect combustion by supplying the necessary oxygen to the unconsumed infiammable prod ucts given off by the fuel. Zhen it is wished to check the draft and maintain a slow fire, the smoke-flue damper g is closed and the damper Zo opened, thereby establishing indirect communication between the upper part of the fire-pot and the smoke-flue through the downdraft-passage, the connection K, and the draft-passage 7b2. The connection L between the iue II and the combustion-chamber C may also be closcd,`theroby depriving` the ire of oxygen and further checking combustion. IVhen the connection L is closed by the damper Z, communication will be unobstructed between the Ventilating-passage Zz' and the smoke-fine, and the apartment in which the heater is placed or with which the pipe I-I2 is connected will be ventilated, as before, the cooler and impurer air being drawn from a point near the iioor and carried into the smoke-flue. NVhen the grate is shaken or ashes removed from the ash-pit B, the damper i should be opened, thus allowing the dust to be drawn through the connection I and the draft-passage h2 into the smoke-flue G. .At other times, however, the damper 'L' should be kept closed.

To permit of the heat being thrown directly out into the room`or apartment in which the heater is located, or to enable a person to warm himself directly therefrom, I provide in one or more openings in the double casing into the hot-air space one or more verticallymovable doors N, which are connected by chains or cords n, passing over pulleys o in the inner wall of said casing, with counterweights O, which are thus hidden from view.

I is the water-pan.

Various changes in the details of construction and arrangement of parts hereinbefore mentioned may be made within the intended spirit and scope of my invention.

I claim- 1. In a heater the combination with the smoke-liuc leading out of the upper part of the heater, of a Ventilating-fine opening at its upper end into said smoke-flue and having an air-intake opening or connection at or near its lower end, and a connection with the heater between the smoke-flue and the grate, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a heater the combination with the smoke-flue connected with the upper part of' the heater, of a Ventilating-Hue opening at its upper end into said smoke-flue and having an air-intake opening or connection at or near its lower end, and a damper-controlled connection leading downwardly out of the combustion-chamber of the heater above the fuellevel into said Ventilating flue below the smoke-flue, substantially and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a heater the combination with the smoke-flue leading out of the upper part of the heater, of a Ventilating-nue opening at its upper end into said smoke-flue and having an air-intake opening or connection at or near its lower end, a connection be'tween said iiuc and the combustion-chamber of the heater, and a damper controlling communication between said flue and combustion-chamber, and arranged to direct air from said Iiue into the combustion-chamber when desired, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a heater, the combination with the smoke-flue having a damper-controlled connection with the upper part of the heater, of a Ventilating-liuc connected at its upper end with said smoke-Hue and having an air-intake opening or connection at or near its lower end, the fire-pot provided on one side with a downdraftpassage, a flue leading out from said passage into said Ventilating-nue and provided with a damper, substantially as and having an air-intake opening or connection at or near its lower end, and a connection f provided with a damper between the draftpassage and the ash-pit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In a heater, the combination with the 1 smoke-flue and fire-pot, provided with a downi draft-passage, of a flue divided into draft and Ventilating passages opening at their upper ends into the smoke-flue, the Ventilating-passage having an intake opening or connection at or near its lower end, a connection provided with a damper between said downdraftpassage and the draft-passage of said flue, and a connection provided with a damper between the combustion-chamber of the heater and the Ventilating-passage of said flue, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In a heater, the combination with the smoke-due, fire-pot provided with a downdraft-passage, ash-pit and combustion-chainber, of a iiue divided into draft and ventilating passages opening at their upper ends into the smoke-flue, the Ventilating-passage having an intake opening or connection at or near its lower end, a connection provided with a damper between said draft-passage and the ash-pit, a connection provided with a damper between said draft-passage and the downdraft-passage of the fire-pot, and a connection provided with a damper between the ventilating-passage and the combustion-charnber, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. In a heater, the combination with the smoke-flue connected with the upper part of the heater, of an upward-draft flue opening at its upper end into said s1nokelue,a downdraft-passage'opening at its upper end into the fire-pot, and at its lower end, which is pro vided with a movable section, into the ashpit, a damper-controlled connection between the lower end of said passage and the upwarddraft iue, and a damper in the smoke-flue between the heater and said upward-draft flue, substantially as and for the purposes set orth.

9. In a heater, the combination with the smoke-flue, fire-pot provided with a downdraft-passage opening into the upper part thereof, and combustion-chamber, of a flue divided into draft and Ventilating passages opening at their upper ends into the smokeflue, the Ventilating-passage having an intake connection or opening at its lower end near the base of the heater, a connection provided with a damper between the downdraft-passage of the fire-pot and the draft-passage of said ilue, a connection provided with a dainper between the combustion-chamber and the Ventilating-passage of said flue, and a damper in the smoke-flue between the heater and the upper end of the draft and Ventilating flue, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

10. In a heater, the combination with the donie and smoke-flue leading laterally out of the same, of a deilector placed at an inclina-- tion to a vertical plane in said dome opposite the opening into the smoke-flue, with a space between its edges and the walls of the dome extending entirely around the deflector, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

1l. In a heater the combination with a casing inclosin g a hot-air space around the heater proper and having one or more openings into said hot-air space, of one or more verticallylnovable doors and counterweights connected therewith by cords or chains passing over pulleys above said openings, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

VILLIAM HENRY TURNER.

lVitnesses W. A. BROWN, HARMAN J. EVERETT. 

